India 1.21 billion strong now
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The total population of India is 121 crore with 83.3 crore living in rural areas and 37.7 crore in urban areas, according to the Census of India’s 2011 Provisional Population Totals of Rural-Urban Distribution in the country.
However, for the first time since independence, the absolute increase in population is more in urban areas than in rural areas.
The report says that the Child Sex Ratio (0-6) in the country in Census 2011 has recorded as the lowest since 1961 Census at 914. Further, there has been an increase of 217.8 million literates since last Census in 2001 .Out of this, 131.1 million were in rural areas and 86.6 million in urban areas.
Significantly, the level of urbanisation increased from 27.81 per cent in the 2001 Census to 31.16 per cent in the 2011 Census, while the proportion of rural population declined from 72.19 per cent to 68.84 per cent.
Uttar Pradesh has the highest rural population on 15.5 crore (18.62 per cent of the country’s rural population) followed by Bihar and WB while Maharashtra has the highest urban population.
Mumbai tops the list having the maximum number of people in urban areas at five crore. The growth of the country’s rural population is steadily declining since 1991, the report said.
Four states that recorded a decline in the rural population during 2001-11 are Kerala (by 26 per cent), Goa (19 per cent).
“The slowing down of the overall growth rate of population is due to the sharp decline in the growth rate in rural areas, while the growth rate in urban areas remains almost the same,” Registrar General of India and Census Commissioner C Chandramouli said.
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